[PHNUTR-L] Mg deficiency induces heart rhythm changes, impairs glucose tolerance, decreases serum cholesterol in post menopausal women

[Kathrynne Holden]

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  J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Apr;26(2):121-32.	
     Dietary magnesium deficiency induces heart rhythm changes, impairs 
glucose tolerance, and decreases serum cholesterol in post menopausal women.

     Nielsen FH, Milne DB, Klevay LM, Gallagher S, Johnson L.

     USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, PO Box 
9034, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9034. fnielsen at gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov.

     OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not dietary magnesium 
restriction to about 33% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) 
causes changes in glucose, cholesterol and electrolyte metabolism that 
could lead to pathologic consequences. DESIGN: The length of the 
experiment was 136 days. Subjects were fed a basal Western-type diet 
that provided 4.16 mmol (101 mg) magnesium per 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) for 78 
days then replenished with magnesium by supplementing the diet with 200 
mg magnesium as the gluconate per day for 58 days. If a subject 
exhibited adverse heart rhythm changes before 78 days of depletion were 
completed, she entered the repletion period early. SETTING: The 
metabolic research unit of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research 
Center. SUBJECTS: A total of 14 post menopausal women were recruited by 
advertisement throughout the United States. Thirteen women (ages 47 to 
75 years) completed the study. RESULTS: During magnesium depletion, 
heart rhythm changes appeared in 5 women and resulted in 4 prematurely 
entering the magnesium repletion period (42 to 64 days of depletion 
instead of 78). Three women exhibited atrial fibrillation and flutter 
that responded quickly to magnesium supplementation. Magnesium 
deprivation resulted in a non-positive magnesium balance that became 
highly positive with magnesium repletion. Magnesium deprivation 
decreased red blood cell membrane magnesium, serum total cholesterol and 
erythrocyte superoxide dismutase concentrations, increased the urinary 
excretion of sodium and potassium, and increased serum glucose 
concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Magnesium balance may be a suitable 
indicator of magnesium depletion under experimental conditions. 
Magnesium deficiency resulting from feeding a diet that would not be 
considered having an atypical menu induces heart arrhythmias, impairs 
glucose homeostasis, and alters cholesterol and oxidative metabolism in 
post menopausal women. A dietary intake of about 4.12 mmol (100 mg) 
Mg/8.4 MJ is inadequate for healthy adults and may result in compromised 
cardiovascular health and glycemic control in post menopausal women.

     PMID: 17536123 [PubMed - in process]
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Kathrynne Holden, MS, RD < fivestar at nutritionucanlivewith.com >
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